From SIGSEM
;;; (7.1) "Modern development of wind-energy technology and applications was well underway by the 1930s, when an estimated 60
0,000 windmills supplied rural areas with electricity and water-pumping services."
;;; Intermediate logical form (LF):
(DECL
((VAR _X2 NIL "technology" (NN "wind-energy" "technology"))
(VAR _X3 NIL (PLUR "application"))
(VAR _X1 NIL "development" (AN "modern" "development")
(PP "of" (COORD "and" _X2 _X3)))
(VAR _X4 "the" (PLUR "1930s")))
(S (PAST) _X1 "be" (S-ADJ _X1 (DEGREE "well" "underway") (PP "by" _X4))
(S-REL "when"
(DECL
((VAR _X5 "an" (PLUR-N "600,000" "windmill"))
(VAR _X6 NIL (PLUR "area") (AN "rural" "area"))
(VAR _X7 NIL "electricity")
(VAR _X8 NIL (PLUR "service") (NN "water-pumping" "service")))
(S (PAST) _X5 "supply" _X6 (PP "with" (COORD "and" _X7 _X8)))))))
;;; Final semantic representation:
isa(technology01,technology_n1),
isa(wind-energy01,wind-energy-concept),
isa(application01,application_n1),
isa(development01,development_n1),
isa(modern01,modern_a1),
isa(1930s01,1930s_n1),
isa(windmill01,windmill_n1),
isa(area01,area_n1),
isa(rural01,rural_a1),
isa(electricity01,electricity_n1),
isa(service01,service_n1),
isa(water-pumping01,water-pumping-concept),
isa(supply01,provide_v1),
isa(underway01,underway_s1),
isa(well01,well_r1),
"be"(development01,underway01),
mod(technology01,wind-energy01),
mod(development01,modern01),
"of"(development01,technology01),
"of"(development01,application01),
number-of-elements(windmill01,600000),
mod(area01,rural01),
mod(service01,water-pumping01),
agent(supply01,windmill01),
object(supply01,area01),
"with"(supply01,electricity01),
"with"(supply01,service01),
intensity(underway01,well01).
;;; ----------------------------------------
;;; (7.2) "Once broad-scale electricity distribution spread to farms and country towns, use of wind energy in the United Stat
es started to subside, but it picked up again after the U.S. oil shortage in the early 1970s."
;;; Intermediate logical form (LF):
(COORD "but"
(DECL
((VAR _X6 "the" "United States" (PN "United States"))
(VAR _X5 NIL "energy" (PP "in" _X6)))
(S (PAST) _X5 "start" (DECL NIL (S (TO) _X5 "subside")))
(S-REL "once" ("use")))
(DECL
((VAR _X7 "it" NIL) (VAR _X9 "the" (PLUR "1970s") (AN "early" "1970s"))
(VAR _X8 "the" "shortage" (NN (PN-N (PN "U.S.") "oil") "shortage")
(PP "in" _X9)))
(S (PAST) _X7 ("pick" "up") (ADV "again") (PP "after" _X8))))
;;; Final semantic representation:
isa(United-States01,United_States_n1),
isa(energy01,energy_n1),
isa(subside01,subside_v1),
isa(start01,begin_v1),
isa(it01,thing_n1),
isa(1970s01,1970s_n1),
isa(early01,early_a1),
isa(shortage01,shortage_n1),
isa(U.S.01,United_States_n2),
isa(oil01,oil_n1),
isa(pick-up01,pick_up_v1),
isa(again01,again_r1),
named(United-States01,["United States"]),
is-inside(energy01,United-States01),
agent(start01,energy01),
object(start01,[
agent(subside01,energy01),
]),
mod(1970s01,early01),
mod(shortage01,oil01),
mod(oil01,U.S.01),
named(U.S.01,["U.S."]),
is-inside(shortage01,1970s01),
agent(pick-up01,it01),
manner(pick-up01,again01),
prev-event(pick-up01,shortage01).
;;; ----------------------------------------
;;; (7.3) "Over the past 30 years, research and development has fluctuated with federal government interest and tax incentive
s."
;;; Intermediate logical form (LF):
(DECL
((VAR _X2 NIL "development")
(VAR _X3 NIL "interest" (NN "federal government" "interest"))
(VAR _X4 NIL (PLUR "incentive") (NN "tax" "incentive")))
(S (PRESENT PERF) _X2 "fluctuate" (PP "with" (COORD "and" _X3 _X4))))
;;; Final semantic representation:
isa(development02,development_n1),
isa(interest01,interest_n1),
isa(federal-government01,federal_government_n1),
isa(incentive01,incentive_n1),
isa(tax01,tax_n1),
isa(fluctuate01,fluctuate_v1),
mod(interest01,federal-government01),
mod(incentive01,tax01),
agent(fluctuate01,development02),
"with"(fluctuate01,interest01),
"with"(fluctuate01,incentive01).
;;; ----------------------------------------
;;; (7.4) "In the mid-'80s, wind turbines had a typical maximum power rating of 150 kW."
;;; Intermediate logical form (LF):
(DECL
((VAR _X1 "the" NIL (AN "mid-'80s" NIL))
(VAR _X2 NIL (PLUR "turbine") (NN "wind" "turbine"))
(VAR _X4 NIL (PLUR-N "150" "Kw"))
(VAR _X3 "a" "rating" (AN "power" "rating") (AN "maximum" "rating")
(AN "typical" "rating") (PP "of" _X4)))
(S (PAST) _X2 "have" _X3 (PP "in" _X1)))
;;; Final semantic representation:
isa(mid-'80s01,mid-'80s-property),
isa(turbine01,turbine_n1),
isa(wind01,wind_n1),
isa(Kw01,kW_n1),
isa(rating01,rating_n1),
isa(power01,powered_a1),
isa(maximum01,maximum_a1),
isa(typical01,typical_a1),
has-part(turbine01,rating01),
mod(turbine01,wind01),
number-of-elements(Kw01,150),
power(rating01,power01),
mod(rating01,maximum01),
mod(rating01,typical01),
"of"(rating01,Kw01).
;;; ----------------------------------------
;;; (7.5) "In 2006, commercial, utility-scale turbines are commonly rated at over 1 MW and are available in up to 4 MW capaci
ty."
;;; Intermediate logical form (LF):
(DECL
((VAR _X1 NIL "2006" (PN "2006") (YEAR "2006"))
(VAR _X2 NIL (PLUR "turbine") (AN "utility-scale" "turbine")
(AN "commercial" "turbine"))
(VAR _X3 NIL (PLUR-N (NUM-MOD "over" "1") "MW"))
(VAR _X4 NIL "capacity" (QN ("up to 4" "mw") "capacity")))
(S (PRESENT) _X2
(COORD "and" ("be-rate" (PP "at" _X3) (ADV "commonly"))
("be" (S-ADJ _X2 "available" (PP "in" _X4))))
(PP "in" _X1)))
;;; Final semantic representation:
isa(year2006,year_n1),
isa(turbine02,turbine_n1),
isa(utility-scale01,utility-scale-property),
isa(commercial01,commercial_a1),
isa(MW01,megawatt_n1),
isa(capacity01,capacity_n1),
isa(mw01,megawatt_n1),
isa(up-to-401,up-to-4-concept),
isa(be-rate01,be-rate-concept),
isa(commonly01,usually_r1),
isa(available01,available_a1),
mod(turbine02,utility-scale01),
mod(turbine02,commercial01),
number-of-elements(MW01,quantity01),
related-to(quantity01,1),
mod(capacity01,[up-to-401,mw01]),
agent(be-rate01,turbine02),
is-at(be-rate01,MW01),
manner(be-rate01,commonly01),
is-inside(be-rate01,year2006),
"be"(turbine02,available01),
is-inside(available01,capacity01).
;;; ----------------------------------------
